Question

Observe the relationship between the first two pairs and then fill in the suitable word:

(b) Hypotonic: Endosmosis:: Hypertonic: _____________.

Answer 1

Relationship between hypotonic solution and endosmosis:

1. A hypotonic solution is a solution that has a lower solute concentration and lower osmotic pressure than the solution from which it is separated through a semipermeable membrane.
2. If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, there will be an inward movement of water molecules across the semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to that region of high solute concentration.
3. This is known as endosmosis. This will result in swelling of the cell (turgid cell).

Relationship between hypertonic solution and exosmosis:

1. A hypertonic solution is a solution whose concentration is greater than that of cell sap. It has low water concentration and high solute concentration as compared to the cell sap, so there will be high osmotic pressure.
2. If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, then there will be an outward movement of water molecules through the cell membrane from a region of low solute concentration of the cell to a high solute concentration region. It is known as exosmosis.
3. As a result of exosmosis, the cell becomes flaccid.

Final answer: Hypotonic: Endosmosis:: Hypertonic: Exosmosis.