Of the ions $A g^{+}, C o^{+ 2}$ and $T i^{+ 4}$ which one will be coloured in aqueous solution?

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Solution

Only the ions that have electrons in d-orbital and in which d-d transition is possible will be coloured. The ions in which d-orbitals are empty or completely filled will be colourless as no d-d transition is possible in those configurations.

$A g^{+}$ = $d^{10}$ configuration
$C o^{2 +}$ = $d^{7}$ configuration
$T i^{4 +}$ = $d^{0}$ configuration

Hence only $C o^{2 +}$ = $d^{7}$ configuration has unpaired electron n d-orbital and in which d-d transition is possible and hence it is coloured.

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