When CO2 is passed through lime water , the lime water turns milky white due to formation of white precipitate of calcium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 (aq) +CO2 -----> CaCO3 (s) +H2O(l)
If excess of Carbon dioxide is passed through lime water, then the white precipitate formed dissolves due to formation of a soluble salt calcium hydrogencarbonate and the solution becomes clear again.
CaCO3 + CO2(g) +H2O(l) --------> Ca(HCO3)2(aq)