Question

On the basis of kinetic theory of matter state two special properties which differentiate gases from solids and liquids.

Answer 1

The following are the 3 basic principles of kinetic theory of matter:

• The energy possessed by the particles determines the nature of the substance as solid, liquid, and gas.
• The temperature of the substance is defined as the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles.
• There are spaces between the particles of the matter. These spaces between the particles increases as they matter changes from solid to liquid to gas.

On the basis of points of kinetic theory of matter, gases can be distinguished from solids and liquids as follows:

S. No	Gas	Solid	Liquid
1	Due to very high kinetic energy possessed by the particles of gas, gas particles are in constant in motion due to which gases do not have fixed shape or fixed volume.	The least amount of kinetic energy is possessed by the particles of solids and this results in definite shape and volume as particles are not free to move.	Liquids possess kinetic energy in between the gases and solids. Hence they have no fixed shape but have definite volume.
2	Gases are highly compressible because of the large empty space between the particles as the actual volume of molecules of gas is negligible as compared to the entire volume of the gas.	Solids are are incompressible because of the tight packing of particles and no empty space between the particles. This results in the rigidity of solids.	Liquids can be compressed to a very little extent as they also have very little spaces between the particles.