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Question

One bag contains 4 white and 5 black balls. Another bag contains 6 white and 7 black balls. A ball is transferred from first bag to the second bag and then a ball is drawn from the second bag. Find the probability that the ball drawn is white.

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Solution

A white ball can be drawn in two mutually exclusive ways:

(I) By transferring a black ball from first to second bag, then drawing a white ball
(II) By transferring a white ball from first to second bag, then drawing a white ball

Let E1, E2 and A be the events as defined below:
E1 = A black ball is transferred from first to second bag
E2 = A white ball is transferred from first to second bag
A = A white ball is drawn

PE1=59 PE2=49Now, PA/E1=614PA/E2=714Using the law of total probability, we getRequired probability = PA=PE1PA/E1+ PE2PA/E2 =59×614+49×714 =30126+28126 =58126=2963

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