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Question
Out of aldehyde and ketones, which is more reactive towards nucleophilic addition?
Out of aldehyde and ketones, which is more reactive towards nucleophilic addition?
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Solution
The correct option is A Aldehyde
Aldehydes are usually more reactive toward nucleophilic substitutions than ketones because of both steric and electronic effects.
In aldehydes, the relatively small hydrogen atom is attached to one side of the carbonyl group, while a larger R group is affixed to the other side. But in ketone, two larger R groups are attached to both sides.
Sterically, the presence of two relatively large substituents in ketones hinders the approach of nucleophile to carbonyl carbon than in aldehydes having only one such substituent.
Electronically, two alkyl groups reduce the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon more effectively in ketones than in aldehyde.
Hence Aldehydes are more reactive toward nucleophilic addition reactions than Ketones.
Aldehydes are usually more reactive toward nucleophilic substitutions than ketones because of both steric and electronic effects.
In aldehydes, the relatively small hydrogen atom is attached to one side of the carbonyl group, while a larger R group is affixed to the other side. But in ketone, two larger R groups are attached to both sides.
Sterically, the presence of two relatively large substituents in ketones hinders the approach of nucleophile to carbonyl carbon than in aldehydes having only one such substituent.
Electronically, two alkyl groups reduce the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon more effectively in ketones than in aldehyde.
Hence Aldehydes are more reactive toward nucleophilic addition reactions than Ketones.
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