an electric dipole experiences maximum torque of 12 Nm in a uniform electric field. what is the minimum potential energy of the dipole in the same field?

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Solution

Torque = p×E = PEsin $θ$
where p is the dipole moment, E is the uniform electric field.
$θ$ is the angle between P ans E.
FOR maximum torque $θ$ must be $π$ /2.
$τ$ = PE---- (1)

potential energy = -P.E = -PEcos $θ$
for minimum potential energy $θ$ must be equal to $π$ .
U = PE---(2)

from equation (1) and (2) , we get
maximum torque is equal to the minimum potential energy.

Therefore minimum potential energy = 12 joule.

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