Arrange
the following in the order of property indicated for each set:
(i)
F2,
Cl2,
Br2,
I2
- increasing bond dissociation enthalpy.
(ii)
HF,
HCl, HBr, HI - increasing acid strength.
(iii)
NH3,
PH3,
AsH3,
SbH3,
BiH3
− increasing base strength.
Arrange the following in the order of property indicated for each set:
(i) F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 - increasing bond dissociation enthalpy.
(ii) HF, HCl, HBr, HI - increasing acid strength.
(iii) NH3, PH3, AsH3, SbH3, BiH3 − increasing base strength.
(i) Bond
dissociation energy usually decreases on moving down a group as the
atomic size increases. However, the bond dissociation energy of F2 is
lower than that of Cl2 and Br2. This is due to the small atomic size
of fluorine. Thus, the increasing order for bond dissociation energy
among halogens is as follows:
I2
< F2
< Br2
< Cl2
(ii) HF
< HCl < HBr < HI
The bond dissociation energy of H-X molecules where X = F, Cl, Br, I,
decreases with an increase in the atomic size. Since H-I bond is the
weakest, HI is the strongest acid.
(iii) BiH3
≤
SbH3 <
AsH3 <
PH3 <
NH3
On moving from nitrogen to bismuth, the size of the atom increases
while the electron density on the atom decreases. Thus, the basic
strength decreases.
(i) Bond dissociation energy usually decreases on moving down a group as the atomic size increases. However, the bond dissociation energy of F2 is lower than that of Cl2 and Br2. This is due to the small atomic size of fluorine. Thus, the increasing order for bond dissociation energy among halogens is as follows:
I2 < F2 < Br2 < Cl2
(ii) HF < HCl < HBr < HI
The bond dissociation energy of H-X molecules where X = F, Cl, Br, I, decreases with an increase in the atomic size. Since H-I bond is the weakest, HI is the strongest acid.
(iii) BiH3 ≤ SbH3 < AsH3 < PH3 < NH3
On moving from nitrogen to bismuth, the size of the atom increases while the electron density on the atom decreases. Thus, the basic strength decreases.
