Question

Describe the stability of oxidation states and tendency to form ionic compounds in relation to group 13 element(Boron Family)

Answer 1

The elements of group 13 show +3 oxidation state as their valence shell configuration is ns²np¹. But the stability + 3 oxidation state decreases down the group due to inert pair effect. The heavier elements of the group show +1 oxidation state.

The tendency to form ionic compounds increases down the group due to increase in the size of atom. Boron forms only covalent compounds due to small size and high ionisation enthalpy. The compounds formed by members of Boron family are mostly covalent.