Question

explain the principle of working of solar panel

Answer 1

The main process behind solar panels is the photo-voltaic effect. When sunlight is incident on a photo-voltaic surface the electrons in the valance band gets exited by absorbing the light energy and moves to the conduction band. These conduction band electrons are almost free, some of these electrons get accelerated by a built-in potential and it raches a junction giving rise to a emf. Thus some of the solar energy is converted to electrical energy. The photo-voltaic cell is made up of crystalline silicon and thin films.