Question

how different races of human being belong to same species

list steps involved in formation of species

Answer 1

Different races of humans have more than enough similarities to classify them as same species and they differ only in a few traits like skin colour and some other minor genetic sequence. A species is a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding to produce a fertile offspring. Skin colour, looks, and size are all variety of features present in human beings. These features are genetic but also environmentally controlled. Various human races are formed based on these features. All human races have more than enough similarities to be classified as same species. Therefore, all human beings are a single species as humans of different colour, size, and looks are capable of reproduction and can produce a fertile offspring.

There are several factors responsible for speciation.In most cases gene flow must be stopped so that subpopulations become genetically isolated. Changes in allele and genotype frequencies within the populations, as a result of the effect of natural selection on the range of phenotypes produced by mutation and sexual recombination, lead to the formation of races and subspecies. Continued genetic isolation leads to the formation new species.

Geographical barriers such as mountain ranges, seas or rivers may produce a barrier to gene flow and the inability of organisms or their gametes to meet leads to reproductive isolation leading to speciation.