How does sexual reproduction help in maintaining the chromosome number of a species constant from generation to generation?

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Solution

Sexual reproduction keep the chromosome number constant from generation to generation because of the process of meiosis and fertilisation. Meiosis results in the equal distribution of chromosomes in each gametes that is haploid in number (means have 23 chromosomes). Each gamete carry 23 chromosomes in them which during fertilisation process fuse with other gamete carrying 23 chromosomes and form a zygote with 46 chromosomes (diploid). Now the offspring produced from that zygote will have 46 chromosomes which remain same from generation to generation in this way.

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Question 21
Reproduction is essential to living organisms in order to

(a) keep the individual organism alive
(b) fulfil their energy requirement
(c) maintain growth
(d) maintain the continuity of species from one generation to another generation

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