The system of inheritance adversely affects the productivity of land in India.
In India, the land owned by a farmer is divided amongst his children (generally sons) after his demise. This ways, the land holding keeps on becoming smaller and smaller over successive generations, until they become so small that such land holdings are fit only for subsistence farming.
The economies of scale cannot be reaped from such small farmlands and neither can several crops grown or large machines used. Owing to such reasons, the productivity suffers.