how inert gases work?
An inert gas is a gas which does not undergo chemical reactions under a set of given conditions like the noble gases and nitrogen gases which often do not react with many substances.
Inert gases are used generally to avoid unwanted chemical reactions degrading a sample. These undesirable chemical reactions are often oxidation and hydrolysis reactions with the oxygen and moisture in air.
For ex: Nitrogen is often used as an inert gas in the chemical industry. In a chemical manufacturing plant, reactions are routinely conducted under nitrogen even if they are not sensitive to air, to minimize fire hazards. In such plants and in oil refineries, transfer lines and vessels are purged with inert gas, to avoid residual solvents or process fluids catching fire.