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Question

how to differentiate between ethanol and ethanoic acid on basis of chemical properties?

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Solution

Differences between ethanol and ethanoic acid:

EthanolEthanoic acid
1. It is an alcohol with pleasant and sweet smell.1. It is an acid with pungent smell.
2.It does not affect litmus paper.2. It turns blue litmus paper to red by producing H+ion
3.It does not give brisk effervescence (release of CO2) with NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate)

3. It produces CO2 with Sod. bicarbonate as

CH3COOH + Na HCO3 -> CH3COONa + CO2 ↑ + H2O

4. It does not react with NaOH (strong alkali)

4. It reacts with NaOH to give salt and water as:

CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O

5.It reacts with alkaline KMnO4 to give ethanoic acid.5. It does not react with alkaline KMnO4

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