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Question
How to find the number of hydrogen bonded water molecules in CuSO4.5H2O.
How to find the number of hydrogen bonded water molecules in CuSO4.5H2O.
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Solution
In copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate, there are 5 molecules of water bound to the salt. Four molecules of water form a coordination bond with the Cu2+ ion. These are loosely held and are easily removed by heating at 63oC (2 molecules) and 109oC. The fifth molecule of water is tightly bound and is removed by heating at 200oC. This is hydrogen-bonded to sulphate anion.
To find the total number of water of hydration in copper sulphate, heat a pre-weighed sample of the salt to 200oC till the colour changes to white. Determine the weight of the anhydrous sample. The difference in weight is the amount of water. Determine the moles of water present in the sample. This method does not give information on the type of bonds present in the molecule. It can be determined by X-ray crystal structure of the salt.
In copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate, there are 5 molecules of water bound to the salt. Four molecules of water form a coordination bond with the Cu2+ ion. These are loosely held and are easily removed by heating at 63oC (2 molecules) and 109oC. The fifth molecule of water is tightly bound and is removed by heating at 200oC. This is hydrogen-bonded to sulphate anion.
To find the total number of water of hydration in copper sulphate, heat a pre-weighed sample of the salt to 200oC till the colour changes to white. Determine the weight of the anhydrous sample. The difference in weight is the amount of water. Determine the moles of water present in the sample. This method does not give information on the type of bonds present in the molecule. It can be determined by X-ray crystal structure of the salt.
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