Internal factors that affect our health include malfunctioning of body parts (like cardiac arrest is due to the malfunctioning of heart), hormonal imbalance (like very common disease diabetes is due to the underproduction of hormone insulin) and hereditary diseases like retinablastoma.
External factors that affect our health include all the allergens like pollen grains or dust particles, all pathogens that can cause diseases like malaria or typhoid, polluted air, lack of nutrition and dirty habits like keeping your hands or clothes dirty.