Namethe members of the lanthanoid series which exhibit +4 oxidation stateand those which exhibit +2 oxidation state. Try to correlate thistype of behavior with the electronic configurations of theseelements.

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Solution

The lanthanides thatexhibit +2 and +4 states are shown in the given table. The atomicnumbers of the elements are given in the parenthesis.

+2

+4

Nd (60)

Ce (58)

Sm (62)

Pr (59)

Eu (63)

Nd (60)

Tm (69)

Tb (65)

Yb (70)

Dy (66)

Ce after forming Ce⁴⁺attains a stable electronic configuration of [Xe].
Tb after forming Tb⁴⁺attains a stable electronic configuration of [Xe] 4f^7.
Eu after forming Eu²⁺attains a stable electronic configuration of [Xe] 4f^7.
Yb after forming Yb²⁺attains a stable electronic configuration of [Xe] 4f^14.

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A member of the lanthanoid series which is well known to exhibit +4 oxidation state is:

+ 2

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