Although Cr³⁺and Co²⁺ ions have same no. of unpaired electrons but the magnetic moment of Cr³⁺ is 3.87BM and that of Co²⁺ is 4.87BM. why??

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Solution

Magnetic moment of an ion is due to orbital magnetic moment and spin only magnetic moment. The values of total magnetic moment, spin only magnetic moment and experimental magnetic moment of Cr³⁺ and Co²⁺ is as follows:
Total magnetic Spin magnetic Experimental magnetic
moment moment moment
Cr³⁺ 0.77 3.87 3.8
Co²⁺ 6.63 3.87 4.8

For most of the transition metal ions, the spin only magnetic moment values are in better agreement with the experimental value due to quenching of orbital magnetic moments. So, the value of spin only magnetic moments is generally considered. But actually in ions such as Co²⁺, orbital magnetic moment also plays a role due to which the experimental value of magnetic moment is 4.8.

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