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Question

Give scientific reasons:

1. Roots of plants grow away from light.

2. Hormones secreted by the endocrine glands are present everywhere in the body.

3. Insulin plays an important role in controlling the sugar level of blood.

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Solution

1. The roots of plants show negative phototropism. They need to grow deep into the soil towards the water and also they do not carry out photosynthesis. That is why they grow away from the light.

2. Endocrine glands are the ductless glands which regulate the functions of the body along with the nervous system by secreting various chemical messengers (hormones) and regulators directly into the blood stream. These hormones and regulators are then carried by the blood to their respective target sites which is located far away from the site of secretion in the body. That is why the hormones secreted by the endocrine glands are present everywhere in the body.

3. Insulin plays a very important role in controlling the sugar level of blood. When the blood sugar level rises, insulin acts on the three target tissues - liver, muscles and adipose cells. It causes liver to take up glucose and convert into glycogen and fat. It facilitates the uptake of glucose in the muscle and the adipose cells causing the level of glucose in the blood lowered or normalized.


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