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Characteristics of s- Block Elements

The hydroxide...

Question

The hydroxides and carbonates of sodium and potassium are easily soluble in water while the corresponding salts of magnesium and calcium are sparingly soluble in water. Explain.

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Solution

The atomicsize of sodium and potassium is larger than that of magnesium andcalcium. Thus, the lattice energies of carbonates and hydroxidesformed by calcium and magnesium are much more than those of sodiumand potassium. Hence, carbonates and hydroxides of sodium andpotassium dissolve readily in water whereas those of calcium andmagnesium are only sparingly soluble.

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Q. The hydroxides and carbonates of sodium and potassium are easily soluble in water while the corresponding salts of magnesium and calcium are sparingly soluble in water. Explain?

Q. Assertion :Sodium and potassium carbonates are soluble in water but magnesium and calcium carbonates are insoluble in water. Reason: Lattice energy of Mg and Ca carbonates is much higher than sodium and potassium carbonate.

Q. Which of the following statements are correct from the given statements?
(i)

B F_{3}

is acid according to Lewis theory
(ii) Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are soluble in water.
(iii) Calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are partially soluble in water.
(iv) All metallic hydroxides react with bases to form their respective metallic salts.

Q. Few statements regarding the properties of bases are given below. Mark the correct statements
(i) Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are soluble in water.
(ii) Calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are partially soluble in water.
(iii) All metallic hydroxides react with acids to form their respective metallic salts.
(iv) Metallic oxides are acidic oxides hence they react with acids to form salts.

Q. Why the lower members of aldehyde and ketone are soluble in water while higher members are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water?

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Characteristics of s- Block Elements

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