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Nomenclature of Carbonyls

The vapour pr...

Question

The vapour pressure of ethanol and methanol are 44.5 mm hg and 88.7 mm hg respectively. An ideal solution is formed at the same temperature by mixing 60gm ethanol and 40 gm methanol. Calculate vapour pressure of solution.

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Solution

Let V.P of pure ethanol be P₁⁰
Let V.P of pure ethanol be P₂⁰

Total V.P = P_T = P₁⁰ x₁ + P₂⁰ x₂ where x₁ and x₂ are mole fractions of respective components.

$x_{1} = \frac{n_{1}}{n_{1} + n_{2}} w h e r e n 1 a n d n 2 a r e n o o f m o l e s o f t h e r e s p e c t i v e c o m p o n e n t s . n_{1} = \frac{60}{46} = 1.30 (m o l a r m a s s o f e t h a n o l = 46) n_{2} = \frac{40}{32} = 1.25 (m o l a r m a s s o f m e t h a n o l = 32) T h u s, x_{1} = \frac{1.30}{1.30 + 1.25} = 0.509 x_{2} = 1 - x_{1} = 0.491 H e n c e, P_{T} = (44.5 x 0.509) + (88.7 x 0.491) = 22.65 + 43.55 = 66.20 m m H g$

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