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Question

Using (x + a)(x + b) = x2 + (a + b)x + ab, find

(i) 103 × 104 (ii) 5.1 × 5.2 (iii) 103 × 98 (iv) 9.7 × 9.8

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Solution

(i) 103 × 104 =(100 + 3) (100 + 4)

=(100)2 + (3 + 4) (100) + (3) (4)

=10000 + 700 + 12 = 10712

(ii) 5.1 × 5.2 =(5 + 0.1) (5 + 0.2)

=(5)2 + (0.1 + 0.2) (5) + (0.1) (0.2)

=25 + 1.5 + 0.02 = 26.52

(iii) 103 × 98 =(100 + 3) (100 − 2)

=(100)2 + [3 + (− 2)] (100) + (3) (− 2)

=10000 + 100 − 6

=10094

(iv) 9.7 × 9.8 =(10 − 0.3) (10 − 0.2)

=(10)2 + [(− 0.3) + (− 0.2)] (10) + (−0.3) (− 0.2)

=100 + (− 0.5)10 + 0.06 = 100.06 − 5 = 95.06


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