Question

what are cathode rays and anode rays?

Answer 1

Cathode ray is a collection of electron beam emerging from cathode end and strike anode plate. It is therefore negatively charged whose e/m ration is constant for all the gases therefore called universal constant. The mass of cathode ray is 1/1837 times the mass of hydrogen atom.

Anode ray is a collection of proton which is also known as canal rays. It emerges from anode and strike cathode plate. It is therefore positively charges whose e/m ratio is variable for different gases. The mass of proton is 1837 times the mass of electron.