Question

what are the basic differences between the phases of mitosis nad miosis?

Answer 1

The differences between different stages of mitosis and meiosis are as follows:
Prophase

Mitosis	Meiosis
Paring of chromosomes does not occur.	Pairing of homologous chromosomes takes place.
Crossing over is absent.	Crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
It is of short duration.	Prophase I is of longer duration while prophase II is very brief.
Prophase is not distinguishable into substages.	Prophase I is divided into substages. Prophase II is simple.

Metaphase

Mitois	Meiosis
Chromosomes are independent and do not show connection.	Homologous chromosomes are interconnected.
A centromere is connected with both the spindle poles.	A centromere is connected to one spindle pole in metaphase I but both in metaphase II.
Two chromatids of a chromosome are genetically similar.	The two chromatids of a chromosome are genetically different due to crossing over.

Anaphase

Mitosis	Meiosis
A centromere splits lengthwise to form two centromeres in the beginning of anaphase.	Centromeres do not divide during anaphase I but do so in anaphase II.
Anaphasic chromosomes are single stranded.	Chromosomes are double stranded in anaphase I but single stranded in anaphase II.
Similar chromosomes move towards the opposite poles in anaphase.	Dissimilar chromosomes move towards the opposite poles both in anaphase I and anaphase II.

Telophase

Mitosis	Meiosis
Telophase is longer and produces interphase nuclei.	Telophase I is shorter and nuclei never enters the interphase.