Question

what does resistance mean?

Answer 1

Resistance is a measure of the opposition that a circuit (or an electrical element) offers to the flow of electric current . You might compare it to the diameter of a hose. In fact, for metal wire, this is an excellent analogy: small-diameter wire has high resistance (a lot of opposition to current flow), and large-diameter wire has low resistance (not much opposition to electric currents). Resistance is measured in Ohms, Ω.

The dependence of resistance on length L and area of cross-section A of a wire is,

R = ρL/A

ρ is the resistivity of the material of the wire which remains constant for that particular material.