What is paramagnetic?
What is paramagnetic?
Any material, if is magnetic then this is due to the electrons within them. There are three ways in which electrons can generate a magnetic field.
- Motion of electrons as an electric current.
- Spin magnetic dipole moment
- Orbital magnetic dipole moment
Each electron has spin or spin angular momentum which gives spin magnetic dipole moment. When an electron is in atom, it has an additional angular momentum called orbital angular momentum which gives orbital magnetic dipole moment.
The magnetic materials in which the spin and orbital magnetic dipole moments of the electron in each atom do not cancel but add vectorially to give the atom a net magnetic dipole moment are called paramagnetic substances.
In the absence of an external magnetic field, these atomic dipole moments are randomly oriented, and the net magnetic dipole moment of the material is zero. so they are not attracted by magnetic field.
In the presence of an external magnetic field, these atomic dipole moments tends to line up with the field, which gives the sample a net magnetic dipole moment. so they are attracted by magnetic field.
Paramagnetism is exhibited by materials containing transition elemenyts, rare elements and actinides elements.
Any material, if is magnetic then this is due to the electrons within them. There are three ways in which electrons can generate a magnetic field.
- Motion of electrons as an electric current.
- Spin magnetic dipole moment
- Orbital magnetic dipole moment
Each electron has spin or spin angular momentum which gives spin magnetic dipole moment. When an electron is in atom, it has an additional angular momentum called orbital angular momentum which gives orbital magnetic dipole moment.
The magnetic materials in which the spin and orbital magnetic dipole moments of the electron in each atom do not cancel but add vectorially to give the atom a net magnetic dipole moment are called paramagnetic substances.
In the absence of an external magnetic field, these atomic dipole moments are randomly oriented, and the net magnetic dipole moment of the material is zero. so they are not attracted by magnetic field.
In the presence of an external magnetic field, these atomic dipole moments tends to line up with the field, which gives the sample a net magnetic dipole moment. so they are attracted by magnetic field.
Paramagnetism is exhibited by materials containing transition elemenyts, rare elements and actinides elements.
