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Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals

what is the d...

Question

what is the difference between molecular orbitals and atomic orbitals?

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Solution

When two atoms move closer together to form a molecule, atomic orbitals overlap and combine to become molecular orbitals. The number of newly formed molecular orbitals is equal to the number of combined atomic orbitals. The molecular orbital surrounds the two nuclei of the atoms, and electrons can move around both nuclei.
On the other hand atomic orbital surrounds the nuclei of only one atom and electrons can only move around the nucleus of that atom.

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Q. The difference in energy between the molecular orbital formed and combining atomic orbital is called-

Q. If the total energy of the two atomic orbitals is

x

and the energy difference between bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals is

y

then the energy of bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbital will be:

Q. According to MOT, two atomic orbitals overlap resulting in the formation of molecular orbitals. Number of atomic orbitals overlapping together is equal to the molecular orbital formed. The two atomic orbital thus formed by LCAO (linear combination of atomic orbital) in the same phase or in the different phase are known as bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals respectively. The energy of bonding molecular orbital is lower than that of the pure atomic orbital by an amount

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Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true:

Q. According to MOT, two atomic orbitals overlap resulting in the formation of molecular orbitals. Number of atomic orbitals overlapping together is equal to the molecular orbital formed. The two atomic orbital thus formed by LCAO (linear combination of atomic orbital) in the same phase or in the different phase are known as bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals respectively. The energy of bonding molecular orbital is lower than that of the pure atomic orbital by an amount

Δ

. This known as the stabilization energy. The energy of antibonding molecular orbital is increased by

Δ^{'}

(destabilization energy).
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σ_{(s and p)}

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Q. According to MOT (Molecular Orbital Theory), the molecular orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals through LCAO (linear combination of atomic orbitals). The correct statement(s) about molecular orbitals is/are:
Statement (a): bonding of molecular orbitals are formed by the addition of wave-functions of atomic orbitals of the same phase.
Statement (b): anti-bonding molecular orbitals are formed by subtraction of wave-functions of atomic orbitals of the same phase.
Statement (c): non-bonding molecular orbitals do not take part in bond formation because they belong to inner shells.
Statement (d): anti-bonding molecular orbitals provide stability to molecules while bonding molecular orbitals make the molecules unstable.

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