what is the difference between the thalamus and the hypothalamus?
Thalamus and hypothalamus make part of the forebrain of the human brain.
Thalamus performs a major function of relaying sensory information to cerebral cortex. Thalamus receives information from various parts of the body including brain and decides the information/signal which has to be sent to cerebral cortex. It also plays a major role in regulating sleep.
Hypothalamus (name derived from position which is below thalamus). It is the main coordinating and control centre for autonomic nervous system, and receives sensory neurones from all the receptors of that system and from taste and smell receptors. Information is relayed from here to effectors via the medulla and spinal cord, and is used in the regulation and control of heart rate, blood pressure, ventilation rate and peristalsis.