what is the significance of 'isolated gaseous atom' while defining ionisation enthalpy?

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Solution

Ionisation enthalpy is defined as the energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom. Isolated atom is required so that there are no forces of attraction with the other molecules or atoms. In gaseous state, atoms are widely separated but there is still some amount of attraction between the atoms. To get an isolated gaseous atom it is impossible. The attractions can be further reduced by lowering the pressure.

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