p3+ q3 + r3 – 3pqr = ?
(p + q +r)3
(p - q - r)3
3pqr
(p + q + r)(p2 + q2 + r2 – pq – qr - pr)
We know the cubic identity according to which,
p3+ q3 + r3 – 3pqr = (p + q + r)(p2 + q2 + r2 – p q – q r - pr)