Parallelism is adaptive convergence of closely related groups.What does this statement mean?

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Solution

Dear student,

Parallel evolution is the development of similarities in separate but related evolutionary lineages through the operation of similar selective factors on both lines. Parallel evolution is similar to convergent evolution in that similar adaptations arise in different species. The main difference is that in parallel evolution the two species have a relatively recent common ancestors.

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Taxonomic groups or categories are distinct biological entities and not merely morphological aggregates. What does this mean?

Adaptive radiation is an example of [1]

(a) divergent evolution

(b) convergent evolution

(d) randomised evolution

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