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Hardness of Water:Causes, Types and Treatments

Permanent har...

Question

Permanent hardness is caused due to:

A

Magnesium carbonate

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B

Magnesium Bicarbonate

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C

Magnesium sulphate

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D

All of the above

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Solution

The correct option is C
Magnesium sulphate

Permanent hardness in water is hardness due to the presence of the chlorides, nitrates and sulphates of calcium and magnesium, which will not be precipitated by boiling. The lime scale can build up on the inside of the pipe restricting the flow of water or causing a blockage. This can happen in an industry where hot water is used.

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Permanent hardness is caused by the dissolved __(sulphates/bicarbonates) of calcium and magnesium.

Q. Permanent hardness is due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of chlorides and sulphates in water. Permanent hardness of water can be removed by:

Q. Assertion :Permanent hardness of water can be removed by using washing soda Reason: Washing soda reacts with soluble calcium and magnesium chlorides and sulphates in hard water to form insoluble carbonates

Q. Assertion (A): Permanent hardness of water is removed by treatment with washing soda.
Reason(R): Washing soda reacts with soluble magnesium and calcium sulphate to form insoluble compounds.

Q. Assertion :Magnesium is placed above iron in the activity series. Reason: Magnesium can displace iron from ferrous sulphate solution, but iron cannot displace magnesium from magnesium sulphate solution.

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