Petroleum refining involves:

vacuum distillation

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steam distillation

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fractional distillation

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fractional crystallisation

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Solution

The correct option is D fractional distillation
The various fractions of petroleum are separated by fractional distillation.
Fractional distillation is one separation of a mixture into its components parts, or fractions, sour as in separating chemical compounds by their boiling point by heating them to a temp at which one or more fractions of the compound will vaporize.

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