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Standard XII

Chemistry

Introduction

Phenol underg...

Question

Phenol undergoes electrophilic substitution more easily than benzene because :

- O H

group exhibits

+ M

effect and hence increases the electron density on the o- and p-positions.

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oxocation is more stable than the carbocation.

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both

(a)

and

(b)

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- O H

group exhibits acidic character

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Solution

The correct option is C both $(a)$ and $(b)$
High stability of oxonium ion (oxocation) is because here every atom (except $H$ ) has a complete octet of electrons, while in carbocations, carbon bearing positive charge is having six electrons.

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Similar questions

Q. Assertion (A) : Phenol is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic reactions.
Reason (R) : The +R effect of OH group increases the electron density on benzene nucleus.

Q. Phenols are compounds in which a hydroxyl group is bonded directly to an

s p^{2}

hybridized carbon atom of an aromatic ring. It is more acidic than an alcohol, but less acidic than a carboxylic acid. It is even less acidic than carbonic acid but more acidic than water. Thus, phenol is unable to protonate

H C O_{3}^{-}

anion but easily protonates

O H^{-}

anion. The

O H^{-}

group activates the benzene ring so much that electrophilic substitution takes place readily.

The correct order of acidity of the following substituted phenols is:

Q. (a) How do you convert the following :
(i) Phenol to Anisole
(ii) Ethanol to Propan-2-ol
(b) Write mechanism of the following reaction :

C_{2} H_{5} O H H_{2} S O_{4} / 443 K - ------- \to C H_{2} = C H_{2} + H_{2} O

Nitration is an example of aromatic electrophilic substitution and its rate depends upon the group already present in the benzene ring. Out of benzene and phenol, which one is more easily nitrated and why?

Q. (a) How do you convert the following :
(i) Phenol to Anisole
(ii) Ethanol to Propan-2-ol
(b) Write mechanism of the following reaction :

C_{2} H_{5} O H H_{2} S O_{4} / 443 K - ------- \to C H_{2} = C H_{2} + H_{2} O

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Phenol undergoes electrophilic substitution more easily than benzene because :

The correct option is C both (a) and (b)High stability of oxonium ion (oxocation) is because here every atom (except H) has a complete octet of electrons, while in carbocations, carbon bearing positive charge is having six electrons.

The correct option is C both $(a)$ and $(b)$
High stability of oxonium ion (oxocation) is because here every atom (except $H$ ) has a complete octet of electrons, while in carbocations, carbon bearing positive charge is having six electrons.