Question

Physical and chemical Properties of acids, bases and salts. (5-10 properties for each)

Answer 1

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
It has a sour taste. It turns blue litmus to red. It turns methyl orange to red. Acids are electrolyte. Strong acids destroy fabric. Strong acids cause burn on skin. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACIDS NEUTRALIZATION An acid when reacts with a base, salt & water are produced. This reaction is called neutralization HCl + NaOH è NaCl + H2O HNO3 + NaOH è NaNO3 + H2O HCl + KOH è KCl + H2O REACTION WITH CARBONATES Acid and carbonates are combined to produce salt, water and carbon dioxide MgCO3 + 2HCl è MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O CaCO3 + 2HCl è CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O Na2CO3 + H2SO4 è Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O CaCO3 + H2SO4 è CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O REACTION WITH BICARBONATES Acid and bicarbonates are combined to produce salt, water and carbon dioxide NaHCO3 + HCl è NaCl + CO2 + H2O REACTION WITH METAL With Zinc: Zn + 2HCl è ZnCl2 + H2 With Aluminum: 2Al + 6HCl è 2AlCl3 + 3H2 Reaction with iron oxide: 6HCl + Fe2O3 è 2FeCl3 + 3H2O Chemical Properties of Bases In the chemical properties of acids and bases, we now focus on bases. Bases change the colour of litmus from red to blue. They are bitter in taste. Bases lose their basicity when mixed with acids. Bases react with acids to form salt and water. This process is called neutralisation reaction. They can conduct electricity. Bases feel slippery or soapy. Some bases are great conductors of electricity. Bases like sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc are used as electrolytes. Alkalis are bases that produce hydroxyl ions (OH-) when mixed with water. Strong alkalis are highly corrosive in nature whereas other alkalis are mildly corrosive. The pH value of bases ranges from 8-14. Alkalis and ammonium salts produce ammonia. Hydrogen gas is evolved when metals react with a base. Bases are classified on the basis of strength, concentration and acidity. The different kinds of acids are strong base acid, weak base acid, concentrated base, dilute base, monoacidic base, diacidic base and triacidic base.