Plant body in higher plants is well-developed. Roots are the organs used for absorbing water and minerals. What is the equivalent of roots in the less developed lower plants?

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Solution

Lower plants have thallus-like structures, for example, algae.
Thallus has root-like structures called rhizoids that serve the purpose of roots.
Roots are represented by root-like structures called rhizoids in less developed lower plants (bryophytes and pteridophytes).
The plant tissue system is not differentiated into true leaves, stems, and roots like higher plants (gymnosperm and angiosperm).

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