Question

Plant tissue culture is used widely in

• A. Large-scale growth of plant cells in liquid culture in bioreactors for the production of valuable compounds, like plant-derived secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins used as biopharmaceuticals
• B. To conserve rare or endangered plant species
• C. To cross distantly related species by protoplast fusion and regeneration of the novel hybrid
• D. All of the above

Answer 1

Answer: (D)

All of the above

• Tissue culture is basically the growth in an artificial medium of cells derived from living tissue. This is facilitated via the use of liquid, semi-solid or solid growth medium, such as broth or agar.
• Different techniques in plant tissues culture may offer certain advantages of our traditional advantageous method of propagation, which includes the production of exact copies of plants that produce desirable products, quickly producing nature plants, from plant cell that have modified genetically, the production of multiplies of plats, the regeneration of the whole plant from plant cell that have modified genetically, the production of plants in sterile containers that allows them to be moved avoiding risks, the production of plants from seeds with less germinating and growing capacity .i.e orchids and Nepenthes, etc.
• Explants far this can be taken from many different parts of a plant including portions of shoots, leaves, stems, flower roots, single undifferentiated cells and from many types of mature cells. The types of tissue culture include seed culture, embryo culture, callus culture, organ culture, protoplast culture, etc.
• The major steps of Tissue culture in plants are the Initiation phase, Multiplication phase and then Root formation. The father of plant tissue culture is considered to be German Botanist, Haber landt who conceived the concept of cell culture in $1902$. Now, tissue culture is vastly used to produces plants. But still Animal cell culture is also in wide used, which provides the basis to study regulation proliferation, differentiation and to perform genetic manipulation