The artificial methods that are used to carry out reproduction in plants without any utilisation of reproductive organs is called artificial propagation. Some examples of artificial propagation are as follows:
1. Grafting: The process of grafting involves tying a bud or twig of a plant (scion) over the stem that has been cut from another plant (stock).
2. Layering: In this process, a relatively younger branch is bent and layered with moist soil. This layered branch later develops its own root system and grows into a new plant.