Plants carry out gas exchange through
Stomata
Lenticels
Stomata are the tiny openings or pores present in the leaves and stems in their epidermal layer. These are abundant on the underside of leaves. Plants carry out gas exchange through these structures. Lenticels are raised pores found in the stem of a woody plant that allows gas exchange between the atmosphere and the internal tissues.
Vascular system that involves xylem and phloem help in the transport of water, mineral nutrients, and simple organic molecules from one part of the plant to another.
Mesophyll cells are found in leaves and are specialized for photosynthesis. These cells contain many chloroplasts, the organelles that perform photosynthesis.