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Covalent Bond vs Ionic Bond

Polarity in a...

Question

Polarity in a molecule and hence the dipole moment depends primarily on electronegativity of the constituent atoms and shape of a molecule. Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?

A

C O_{2}

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B

H I

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C

H_{2} O

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D

S O_{2}

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Solution

The correct option is C $H_{2} O$
$H_{2} S$ has a lower dipole moment than $H_{2} O$ because of the fact that oxygen is more electronegative than sulphur. Hence it attracts the electron from hydrogen towards it with a greater charge.Hence,the dipole moment of $H_{2} O$ is more than $H_{2} S$ .

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Question 02

Polarity in a molecule and hence the dipole moment depends primarily on electronegativity of the constituent atoms and shape of a molecule. Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?

(a) $C O_{2}$

(b) HI

(c) $H_{2} O$

(d) $S O_{2}$

Q. Assertion : The molecule

C O_{2}

has a net dipole moment of zero
Reason : The arrangement of atoms in the

C O_{2}

molecule is liner and symmetrical, and the bond polarities within the molecule are canceled out.

Q. Although both

{C O}_{2}

H_{2} O

are triatomic molecules, the shape of

H_{2} O

molecules is bent while that of

{C O}_{2}

is linear. Explain this on the basis of dipole moment of the significance/applications of dipole moment.

Q. Dipole moment of

C O_{2}

is zero which implies that

Q. Match the following:-

\begin{matrix} L I S T - I & L I S T - I I (P) P C l_{3} F_{2}, P C l_{2} F_{3} & (1) H y b r i d i s a t i o n o f c e n t r a l a t o m - s a m e, s h a p e o f m o l e c u l e - s a m e, d i p o l e m o m e n t - s a m e (Q) B F_{3}, B C l_{3} & (2) H y b r i d i s a t i o n o f C e n t r a l a t o m - s a m e, s h a p e o f, m o l e c u l e - s a m e, d i p o l e m o m e n t - s a m e i s o e l e c t r o n i c s p e c i e s, u s e d i n f e r t i l i s e r p r e p a r a t i o n (R) C O_{2}, C N_{2}^{- 2} & (3) H y b r i d i s a t i o n o f c e n t r a l a t o m - s a m e, s h a p e o f m o l e c u l e - s a m e, d i p o l e m o m e n t - s a m e, i s o e l e c t r o n i c s p e c i e s, a r o m a t i c (S) C_{6} H_{6}, B_{3} N_{3} H_{6} & (4) H y b r i d i s a t i o n o f c e n t r a l a t o m - s a m e, s h a p e o f m o l e c u l e - s a m e, d i p o l e m o m e n t - d i f f e r e n t \end{matrix}

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