Question

Predict the geometry of the following species and describe the hybridization on the central atom.
(i) $PbC{l}_4$
(ii) $Sb{F}_6^{-}$
(iii) $B{H}_4^{-}$
(iv) $PC{l}_3$

• A. Tetrahedral $s{p}^2$, octahedral $s{p}^3{d}^3$, tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, respectively
• B. Tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, octahedral $s{p}^3{d}^2$, tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, respectively
• C. Tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, octahedral $s{p}^3{d}^2$, tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, pyramidal $s{p}^3$, respectively
• D. Trigonal planar $s{p}^2$, octahedral $s{p}^3{d}^2$, tetrahedral sp, tetrahedral $s{p}^2$, respectively.

Answer 1

The correct option is C Tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, octahedral $s{p}^3{d}^2$, tetrahedral $s{p}^3$, pyramidal $s{p}^3$, respectively

$H=\frac{1}{2}[V+M-C+A]$
where,
H= Number of orbitals involved in hybridization.
V=Valence electrons of a central atom.
M- Number of monovalent atoms linked to a central atom.
C= Charge of the cation.
A= Charge of an anion.
Consider the hybridization and shape of the options:-
A) $PbC{l}_4$
$H=\frac{1}{2}[4+4]=4$.
$\Rightarrow s{p}^3$ hybridized state.
Tetrahedral in shape.
B) $Sb{F}_6^{-}$
$H=\frac{1}{2}[5+6+1]=6$.
$\Rightarrow s{p}^3{d}^2$ hybridized state.
Octahedral in shape.
C) $B{H}_4^{-}$
$H=\frac{1}{2}[3+4+1]=4$.
$\Rightarrow s{p}^3$ hybridized state.
Tetrahedral in shape.
D) $PC{l}_3$
$H=\frac{1}{2}[5+3]=4$.
$\Rightarrow s{p}^3$ hybridized state.
Trigonal pyramidal in shape.