Question

Predict the hybridisation of each carbon in the molecule of organic compound given below. Also indicate the total number of sigma and pi bonds in this molecule.

Answer 1

Hybridisation definition and hybrid orbitals
Hybridization is the process of intermixing of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to redistribute their energies, which results in the formation of new set of orbitals of equivalent energies and shape.
Hybridization helps in deciding the structure of the molecules.

Electron pair types:

• Lone Pair(lp)
• Bond Pair(bp)

Total number of hybrid orbitals = No. of lone pairs on the atom + bond pairs ( i.e. Sigma bonds made by the atom)

If No. of hybrid orbitals is

a) 2, then hybridisation = $sp$
b) 3, then hybridisation = $s{p}^2$
c) 4, then hybridisation = $s{p}^3$

So, using this concept to find hybridisation of and structures

The hybridisation of carbons is given in the above structures.


So,
Total number of sigma bond $\left(\sigma \right)=11)$
Total number of pi bond $\left(\pi \right)=4$.