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Question
Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus ?
Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus ?
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Solution
The correct option is A Ketonuria and glycosuria
Insulin hormone is produced by the pancreas and it plays a major role in maintaining blood glucose levels.
Insulin enhances glucose uptake and utilisation by the cells of the body.
Due to this, there is a rapid movement of glucose from blood to hepatocytes (liver cells) and adipocytes (cell of adipose tissue) resulting in decreased blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia).
Hence insulin is called hypoglycemic hormone.
Deficiency of insulin leads to an increased blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) and prolonged hyperglycemia leads to a complex disorder called diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with loss of glucose through urine and formation of harmful substances known as ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are formed when fats are utilised by the cells to produce energy.
Hence, the presence of glucose (glycosuria) and ketone bodies (ketonuria) in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus.
Accumulation of urea in blood due to malfunctioning of kidneys is called uremia.
Renal calculi (kidney stones) are an insoluble mass of crystallised salts like oxalates formed inside the kidney.
Insulin hormone is produced by the pancreas and it plays a major role in maintaining blood glucose levels.
Insulin enhances glucose uptake and utilisation by the cells of the body.
Due to this, there is a rapid movement of glucose from blood to hepatocytes (liver cells) and adipocytes (cell of adipose tissue) resulting in decreased blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia).
Hence insulin is called hypoglycemic hormone.
Deficiency of insulin leads to an increased blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) and prolonged hyperglycemia leads to a complex disorder called diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with loss of glucose through urine and formation of harmful substances known as ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are formed when fats are utilised by the cells to produce energy.
Hence, the presence of glucose (glycosuria) and ketone bodies (ketonuria) in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus.
Accumulation of urea in blood due to malfunctioning of kidneys is called uremia.
Renal calculi (kidney stones) are an insoluble mass of crystallised salts like oxalates formed inside the kidney.
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