Question

Primary succession on land occurs as:

• A. lichen $\to$ mosses $\to$ annual grass $\to$ shrubs $\to$ trees
• B. mosses $\to$ lichen $\to$ annual grass $\to$ shrubs $\to$ trees
• C. plankton $\to$ submerged $\to$ floating stage $\to$ marsh stage $\to$ climax stage
• D. all of these

Answer 1

The correct option is A lichen $\to$ mosses $\to$ annual grass $\to$ shrubs $\to$ trees

Primary succession includes changes which occur when living things become established on a previously uninhabited area such as a newly exposed sea or lake sediments or sand dunes.

The biological succession on the bare rock is known as lithosere

The various serial stages are lichen, moss, annual grass stage, perennial grass stage, shrub stage, climax community in the ascending order. These stages take place one after the other.

So, the correct option is 'lichen → mosses → annual grass → shrubs → trees'