Question

Progestasert and LNG $-20$ are

• A. Implants
• B. Hormone releasing IUDs
• C. Non-medicated IUDs
• D. Copper releasing IUDs

Answer 1

The correct option is B

Hormone releasing IUDs

Implants :
Implants are devices made up of progesterone alone or progesterone - estrogen combination placed under the female's skin. Their mechanism of action is similar to oral contraceptive pills but they are effective for a longer time period than an oral pill.

Copper releasing IUDs :
Copper releasing IUDs release copper ions in the uterus where they suppress the motility of sperm so that they cannot swim and reach the fallopian tube for fertilisation. They also reduce the fertilising capacity of sperms. They increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus. Examples: CuT, Cu7, Multiload $375$.

Non-medicated IUDs :
Non-medicated IUDs work by immunomodulating the environment of the uterus. It initiates a sterile inflammatory response in the uterus which stimulates accumulation of macrophages. This results in the phagocytosis of the sperms. Example: Lippes loop.

Hormone releasing IUDs :
Hormone releasing IUDs make the cervix hostile by making the mucus thick and sticky due to which sperms cannot reach the uterus. They also change the environment of the uterus making it unsuitable for implantation of the embryo. Examples: LNG-$20$ and progestasert.

Final answer :
d) Hormone releasing IUDs