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Question

Purpose of agarose gel electrophoresis is to _____________.


A
cut DNA into many segments.
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B
separate DNA fragments on the basis of their molecular weight.
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C
construct rDNA by joining DNA with cloning vectors
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D
isolation of DNA molecule
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Solution

The correct option is B separate DNA fragments on the basis of their molecular weight.

Agarose gel electrophoresis is the technique of separating DNA fragments on the basis of their molecular weight. Smaller fragments move around faster than the larger ones; the distance migrated by the DNA on the gel is inversely proportional to the molecular weight.

DNA can be cut into small fragments by using a class of enzymes called Restriction endonucleases, like EcoRI. This EcoRI cleaves the DNA double helices into fragments at specific sequence - GAATTC, and cuts both DNA strands between the G and the A nucleotides.

Recombinant DNA is formed by joining two different DNA molecules from different species which is then inserted inside the host body to produce new genetic combinations.

Isolation of DNA molecules from any living cells basically involves three steps i.e lysis, precipitation and purification.


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