Question

Q. Consider the following statements regarding the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) :

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• A. 1 and 2 only
• B. 2 and 3 only
• C. 1 and 3 only
  
• D. 1, 2 and 3

Answer 1

The correct option is B 2 and 3 only

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The MJO can be characterized as an eastward-moving "pulse" of cloud and rainfall near the equator that typically recurs every 30 to 60 days. It brings major fluctuation in tropical weather on weekly to monthly timescales.

Statement 2 is correct: The MJO consists of two parts or phases- The enhanced rainfall (or convective) phase and the suppressed rainfall phase.

• Enhanced rainfall (or convective) phase: Winds at the surface converge, and the air is pushed up. At the top of the atmosphere, the winds move horizontally (i.e., diverge). Such rising air motion in the atmosphere tends to increase condensation and rainfall.
• Suppressed rainfall phase: Winds converge at the top of the atmosphere, forcing air to sink and, later, to diverge at the surface. As air sinks from high altitudes, it warms and dries, which suppresses rainfall

Statement 3 is correct: MJO in its active convective phase(Enhanced rainfall phase)brings frequent cyclonic activity