Question

Q. In the context of India's struggle for independence, which of the following could be the possible reasons for the occurence of 1857 revolt?

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

• A.
  1 and 2 only
• B.
  2 and 3 only
• C.
  1 and 3 only
• D.
  1, 2 and 3

Answer 1

The correct option is C

1 and 3 only
Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: There were various reforms in the taxation and revenue system that affected the peasants’ heavily. British Government had imposed and introduced various administrative policies to expand their territory.
The three settlement systems (Permanent Settlement in Bengal, Mahalwari settlement in Central India and Ryotwari settlement in southern India) were highly exploitative, and in particular, the Permanent settlement had created a devastating impact. Thus the peasants were greatly encouraged to overthrow the British Government from India and led to their active participation in the revolt of 1857.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The Indian National Congress was established in 1885. Hence, it cannot influence the 1857 revolt.

Statement 3 is correct: The Indian soldiers went through a lot of torture by the British officials with respect to their salaries, pensions, promotions. Indians were subjugated in the military while their European counterparts faced no such discrimination. This arose discontent and was a major military factor that resulted in the revolt of 1857.

More related information:

Other reasons for the revolt:

1. The British expansion had unjust policies that led to the loss of power from the Nawabs and Zamindars residing at various places of India. These policies greatly hampered the interests of the rulers of the native states, and they one by one became victims of British expansionism. Therefore, those rulers, who lost their states to the British, were naturally against the British and took sides against them during the revolt.
2. Racial discrimination was believed to be a major reason for the revolt of 1857 wherein Indians were exploited and were kept away from mixing with Europeans. The whites also started interfering in the religious and cultural affairs of Indians and tortured them as well. This enraged Indians and led to the revolt of 1857.