The correct option is A
They are a subcategory of foreign direct investors (FDI).
Explanation:
Option (a) is incorrect: The Qualified Foreign Investor (QFI) is a sub-category of Foreign Portfolio Investor not FDI.
Option (b) is correct: The QFI scheme was introduced by the Government of India in the year 2011, through a Union Budget announcement.
Option (c) is correct: The objective of enabling QFIs is to have more foreign funds in the Indian capital market and to reduce market volatility.
Option (d) is correct: QFIs are allowed to make investments in the following instruments by opening a demat account in any of the SEBI approved Qualified Depository Participant (QDP).